Torch



E. E. AND W4: GARRISON. TORCH. APgLlcAjloN P ILED AuLv l5. 1921.

I' 11,433,999'. Patented oen 31,1922.

Zvaywe @a 772219072 11 aff# Patented @et 3l, 1922e untreu staresNriurenr err-ice.,

EARL E. GARRSON AND VJAYNE GARR-ISON, OF ALBANY, NEl YORK, ASSIG-NORSTO' `lLltYER o GARRISON, OF ALBANY, NEW] YORK, A FIRllI COlrPOSED OFEARL GAR- RISON, WAYNE GARRISON, AND SAMUEL lVL IMAYER. l

TORCH.

Application led July 15,

To all flo/tom t l'may concern:

Be it known that we, llani, E. Garrison and Hyun Gannisoiv, citizens oithe United IStates, and residents ot Albany, ,in the county ot Albanyand State of New York, have invented certain new and uselullinprovenients in Torches, ot which the following` is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in torches, and theobjects and advantages thereof are to simplify in general the characterand constructions oil blow torches, to reduce the expensive manufactureand the amount ot material required to produce the saine, to dispensewith the necessity lier providing` a hand pump in conjunction with thetorclnto make the feeding of the Atuel to the burner automatic, and topre-heat and vaporize the fuel prior to itsissuance through thedischarge aperture where it ignites and .is burned completely andwithout any appreciable 'formation ot residue de'iosits.

As constructed at the present time blow torches are provided with liquidfuel reservoirs at the sides ot which are carried reciprocating pumpswhich must lie-actuated by hand several times preliminary to therlighting;l ol the torch in order `to place the liquid Yluel body underthat pressure necessary to raise it to the nozzle or burner orifice.

'With this in view, it is the object ot the presentinvcntion to providea commercial blow torch con'lposed ot only two parts, the Yliuclreservoir or receptacle and a piping' or tubing` connected thereto andprovided `with a discharge oril'ice placed relatively in a helix orconvoluted portion of the piping or tubing to the end that the heat tromthe flame will e velop parts of the helix or turns ot the yconvolutedportion and vaporize the tuel which is received troni the tubing` orpiping` and place it initiallyin a condition for combustion, and inemploying' capillary wicks or other devices embodying the prin-- cipleoi capillary attraction to :raise the liquid fuel troni` thereceptacleto the helix or convoluted portion oit' the tubing or piping withoutanyinterruption in this capillary kmeans and without allowing the capillarymeans to enter kthe helix or coil which thus provides a'retort of arelatively great capacity tor .maintaining a comparatively large 1921.Serial No. 484,929.

volume ot the fuel in a vaporized state in readiness ior combustion. i

The area olf the vapor space within the helix or coil and the diameterof this helix or coil is so proportioned relatively to the dischargeorifice that a bach pr sure will be created such as will permit the gasto back up into the upper portion ci the receptacle and 'forni apressure head therein which will assist the action of the capillarywicks and at the same time will not interfere with the free liow ot theliquid tuel through the capillary passages throughout the wicks.

lVith the 'foregoing and other obiects in view, the invention will bemore lully described hereinafter, and will be more particularly pointedout in the claims appended hereto. i

ln the drawing, wherein like symbols rel'er to like or correspondinparts throughout `the several views,

Fig. l is a perspective view oi' an improved automatic self-blowingtorch constructed according to the present invention; and

Fig'. Q is a vert-ical sectional. view taken through the same withaportion ot' the helix or coil in elevation.

i Referring more particularly to the draw- A, l designates the top,` 2the cylindrical side wall, and 3 the bottom ot a coinparatively shallow,squat and llat receptacle or reservoir adapted to contain a liquid 'fuelel such as 2gasoline or the like which may be introduced through anopening' in the bottom normallyv held closed by a screw or other plugv 5and having a thumb piece or operatingpart (l by which it may he turnedinto and removed trono the opening. Pretorably this plug 5 and .itsoperating,` part 6 are disposed within a cavity 7 in thebottoni 3 whichmay be conveniently constructed by pushing in the material ot thebottoni duringv its manufacture. plug and its operatingv part set withinthe bottoni so as not to interfere with the Hat bottoni surface El orthe resting' oit the torch on a tlatsupporting; surlace. rllhe plug' 5is made both liquid and gas tight soas to avoid the loss ot any liquidand to retain` the gas pressure within the receptacle.

llii the top l ot the receptacle openings o and 9 are inode preferablyto opposite sides of the center otl the receptacle and through The ideais to have the these openings are placed the lower ends of tubular legs10 and 11 which are formed from the end portions of a single piece ofpiping or tubing. The legs 10 and 11 are slightly bowed for example asshown, a1- though they may be vmade straight if desired, and a preferredmanner is to have these legs extending directly and vertically upwardfrom the receptacle so that in addition to forming channels for thepassage of the liquid fuel upwardly to the burner orifice, theymoreover, when the torch is cold, afford a handle by whichV the vdericemay beA lifted about and transported.v

At the intermediate portion of the tubing or piping which is thatdisposed uppermost a helix or coil is made consisting of overlappingupper turns 12 and 13 which lie horizontally side by side and merge attheir opposite ends into the upper parts of the legs 10 and 11, and asingle lower partial. convolution 14 which at its opposite ends extendsint-o the upperturns 12 and 13 and is of course wound in the samemovement therewith. l

A discharge orifice is produced at the inner side of the partconvolution 141- at substantially the central and lowermost portionthereof in position to direct the issuing `gases and the ignited flamedirectly upward in fan shape beneath and through the turns 12 and 13 sothat the latter turns form in effect an overlying retort containing theliquid gasoline which is vaporiz'ed by the heat of the flamepreliminarily to its arrival at the discharge orifice 15. The diameterof this orifice 15 is made comparatively small as compared with thediameter of the partial convolution 14 and the turns 12 and 13 and ofcourse the length of these turns and partial convolutions are such as toform a chamber of considerable capacity for holding a large supply ofvaporized fuel or gas whichaccumulates under pressure and issues withgreat force through the discharge orifice 15 thereby placing the fuelunder most beneficial conditions for its complete and ready combustionand for the spread ing and distribution of the flame in a widespread orfan-like form to envelop all parts of the turns 12 and 13 of the helix.

The decreased diameter' of the discharge orifice 15 restricts the fiowof the vaporized fuel, and as a consequence sets up a back pressure inthe retort or turns 12 and 13 and causes the accumulated gas or aportion of i it to descend through the legs 10 and 11 into the upperportion of the receptacle 2 where it collects and forms a head of apressure which varies from time to time and which acts upon the uppersurface of the liquid Ll tending to drive it upwardly through thecapillary spaces and channels provided by a pair of wicks 16 and 17having their lower ends disposed in the body of the liquid -l andextendingupwardly through the legs 10 and 11.

The upper ends 18 and 19 of the capillary wicks 16 and 17 are shown inFig. 2 to ex tend up to the initial and terminal points of the helix butnot to enter such helix, and this construction is found satisfactory forythe reason that it removes the fabric strucof the gas to collect andotherwise not interfering with the free and ready yaporization of thefuel.

In the use of a device of this character, fuel from the liquid body 4lwithin the flat receptacle is at all times raised, byvirtue of thecapillary attraction through the wicks 16 and 17, to the initial andterminal points of the helix, so that by the application of an ignitedmatch within the helix the fuel will rise from thc ends 18 and 19 of thewick under the vaporizing influence of the heat practicallyinstantaneously and, finding its way to the orifice 15, will bedischarged and ignited by the match all in one operation, without havingto resort to any initial pumping or any extraneous operation that wouldinvolve a complicated structure of torch or he necessity for preliminaryaction of any kind.

After the burner has been started as `just described, the action will bea continuous one from then on inasmuch as the fuel consumed will createa draft through the capillary passages of the wicks 16 and ,i7 and willcreate voids to be filled by continuous capillary action which will goon automatically and keep maintaining a full. and necessary supply ofthe fuel to the heated helix and the burner orifice.

Ait the same time the accumulated vapor within the helix will not escapethrough the restricted orifice 15 as rapidly as it is vaporized and someback pressure of the gas will be created. This accumulation of gas willtend to drive a portion of the vapor down through the legs 10 and 11 andinto the upper portion of the receptacle forming a head there acting onthe surface of the liquid and tending to, drive it upwardly through thelegs and through the capillary passages of the wicks. This descent ofthe `gas through the legs 10 and 11 will not be interfered with by thewicks 16 and 17 inasmuch as there are many interstices and channelsthrough the openwork structure of the wicks through which gases mayreadily find their way. i

lVe have illustrated and described a preferred and satisfactoryembodiment of our invention, but it is obvious that changes may be madetherein within the spirit and scope thereof, as defined in the appendedclaims.

What is claimed is:

l. torch comprising a receptacle forming a base, for the torch and beinghollow to receive liquid fuel, said receptacle beingI` substantiallyfiat and provided with a normally closed filling opening made gas andliquid tight, a piping having its ends inserted through the top of thereceptacle and in con'nnunication with the interior thereof, said endsof the piping being secured in gas tight fashion in the receptacle top,the pipe being provided at its intermediate portion above the receptaclewith convolutions having at the base of the saine an orifice for theescape of the gas and acting to direct the gas and the flame forn'ied bythe combustion of the same upwardly through the convolutions whereby tovaporize and gasify the liquid fuel in the convolutions flowing from thereceptacle to the orifice, and capillary means in said pipe having thelower ends thereof disposed in the liquid fuel in the receptacle, saidcapillary means extending continuously up to but not entering theconvolutions of the piping, said convolutions of the piping being leftfree and unimpeded.

2. A self-blowing torch comprising a fuel receptacle and a pipe carriedthereby, said pipe being coiled intermediate its ends and having itsends secured through the top of said receptacle with the convolutions ofthe pipe spaced above the receptacle, and sepa rateI wicks arranged inthe ends of the pipe and extending at their lower ends into said fuelreceptacle and extending at their upper ends to points adjacent to thecoiled portion of the pipe whereby to feed fuel from the receptacle upinto the pipe, the coiled portion of the pipe having an opening at itslower side through which vapor generated in the coiled portion of thepipe is adapted to partially escape for burning within the coiledportion of the pipe, the burning of said gas being adapted to heat thecoiled portion of the pipe and generate gas therein whereby sai( gas isadapted to exert a backward pressure through the ends of saidgpipe intothe receptacle for forcing the feeding of the fuel upwardly into thepipe, and means for venting the receptacle whereby to relieve thepressure on the fuel therein.

opening and to seal the same both air and gas tight, a single length oftubing bent at its end portions to provide a pair of spaced apart legsextending substantially vertically above the receptacle and having thelower ends of the legs pushed through the top of the receptacle andsecured tightly therein, a helix' formed of the intermediate portion ofthe tubing between the top parts of the legs and forming a continuationof the same, said helix at its base and on its interior side beingprovided with an orifice of smaller port area as compared with thediameter of the helix whereby to set up a back pressure of the gasesgenerated in the upper portion of the helix, and two independentcapillary wicks having their lower portions extending down into thereceptacle and lying within the legs but having their upper endsterminating outside of the helix and being continuous from the helixdown to the interior of the receptacle.

Ll. A torch comprising a receptacle being hollow to receive liquid fueland provided with a normally closed filling opening, a piping having itsends inserted through the receptacle and in communication with theinterior thereof, said ends of the piping being secured to thereceptacle in gas tight fashion, the piping being provided at its inftermediate portion and at a higher elevation than the receptacle withconvolutionshaving an orifice at one side for the escape of the gas andacting to direct the gas and the flame formed by the combustion of thesaine against the opposite side of the convolu-` tions whereby tovaporize and gasify the liquid fuel in the convolutions flowing' fromthe receptacle to the orifice, and capillary means in said pipe havingthe lower portion thereof disposed in the liquid fuel in the receptacleand adapted to raise the fuel to the con volutions.

ln testimony that we claim. the foregoing as our invention, we havesigned our names hereunder.

EARL E. GARRISON. WAYNE GAR-RISON.

